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제 16 호 Revival of Tourism: Welcome Back!

Kicker : LIFE Revival of Tourism: Welcome Back! After Two Years of Long Vacation, Tourists Are Back in Their Businesses Do-Hyuk Kim, Reporter ndapple0921@gmail.com To be honest, I have never seen a single disease that has made these immense impacts on the world since I was born twenty-four years ago. The rapid spread of COVID-19 threatened our daily lives by directly harming our health, and threatened much further by influencing to several businesses – some eventually shutting down. Tourism was one of the main industries that were struck hard by the coronavirus. Governments of each country announced social distancing to slow down the spread of infection, so people were forced to be locked into their homes. Even though coronavirus is not completely wiped out, each society is making efforts to bring back daily lives that we have enjoyed previously. The main part of these efforts is encouraging people to go somewhere and spend some money, which is a byword of tourism. The SM Herald had already covered several subjects related to coronavirus during two years, including how to stay safe during this crisis and global status of this ongoing threat. So, it would be appropriate to tell the story about our lives after COVID-19 and naturally led us to put the spotlight on the return of tourism. I believe it was February 2020 that marked the beginning of this long, yet critical time to the tourism industry. Countries over the world shut down their borders orderly, making no chance for tourists to make new visits to other countries. Tourist companies naturally had to shut down most of their businesses since no one was allowed to visit other nations or even near towns to stop COVID-19 from spreading from one place to another. Employees of the tourism industry mostly lost their jobs temporarily or even permanently. Everyone knew that once the spread of COVID-19 slows down, governments of each country will eventually release people to move around and spend some money to revive local economies, but nobody knew when it will be - until now. People In Search of Vacation Are Spreading Everywhere Domestic cases first. Because of the Ukrainian War, oil prices skyrocket due to shortage on supply. Gasoline prices were over two thousand won per liter, but it could not stop people from traveling around every weekend. Traffic jams were much more severe than a few months earlier, despite those unacceptably high oil prices. Gas prices are partially settled down currently, and joint with autumn colored season made citizens visit high mountains placed nationwide. The most popular mountain for viewing autumn colors, Mount Seorak is suffering from congestion at eight in the morning. If you arrive later in the afternoon, you have no chance of watching that beautiful scenery because you would be standing in a row waiting for others to pull up their cars from the parking lot. Winding the clock further back, summer of this year recorded fifty thousand people gathered in Haeundae just two days after they opened up the beach for swimming and leisure sports. During times when coronavirus’ spread was threatening, ticket prices of domestic flights were much cheaper than before. Just after social distancing came to a halt, that price dramatically rose to near twice of what airline companies asked during those hard times. Price of airline is decided by demand and supply, so we can know demand for domestic airline has skyrocketed than before, a crucial hint of revival of tourism. Not Only Is Domestic Tourism Back, But Also Traveling Abroad Too Moving on to foreign countries, Japan recently announced that travelers could visit their country without approval of visa. Policy that let entry without visa enticed lots of Koreans to travel to Japan, which led flights between Korea and Japan to be fully occupied during coming months. Convenience of entering Japan helped promote tourism of Japan greatly, but that is not the single reason why many Koreans headed to Japan. Secondary reason for high popularity on visiting Japan is because currency exchange rate of Yen is considerably lower than other countries. That is also partly because of the aftermath of COVID-19. During the severe spread of the coronavirus, the United States maintained its economy by giving away money to citizens to keep people spending money on goods, and that eventually led to inflation and rise of standard interest rate. Japan, on the other hand, has not increased the standard interest rate as America is doing. This made the value of the Yen drop, eventually encouraging foreigners to visit Japan and easily spend some cash without any hassle. Similar reason applies to European nations, so we can easily see people going on business trips or genuine trips to Japan or Europe. It has been a long time since we had a chance to freely roam everywhere without any obstacles and worries. As a constant traveler, the ban on both visiting foreign countries and nearby towns was heartbreaking, yet hard to withstand. We are still under the effects of COVID-19, but as we hoped to be free from this disease, humanity and our society is slowly heading back to be normal. Recovery of tourism helps us imagine a future that is completely liberated from coronavirus, and relief that unemployed people are back in their businesses. Sources: https://flexible.img.hani.co.kr/flexible/normal/937/562/imgdb/child/2020/1012/53_16024798644662_6716024797532708.jpg (Image 1) https://image.edaily.co.kr/images/Photo/files/NP/S/2019/10/PS19100600218.jpg (Image 2)

• 작성일 2022-11-29
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제 15 호 7 Types of Vegetarians, How Well Do You Know about Them?

Kicker: LIFE 7 Types of Vegetarians, How Well Do You Know about Them? by Da-hwee Kim, Cub-reporter elfnme@naver.com Credit: Photo: Shutterstock; Design: the Kitchn Unless you’ve been living in the 21st century, I bet that you’ve heard of vegetarians at least once. A lot of people are interested in vegetarianism these days and you can easily find various content or articles about it. But can you really know the notion difference between vegan and vegetarian? Did you know that several types of vegetarians exist? There actually exist seven different types of vegetarians(There could be more but this is the most common version). It is totally fine that you didn’t know about them. Because this article would help you to broaden your eyes on the world of vegetarianism. 1. Vegetarian (lacto-ovo vegetarians) Vegetarians do not eat meat, poultry, seafood, or fish. It is because they do not condone the killing of animals for food. But it is acceptable for them to consume dairy products, eggs, and honey since these are animal by-products. However, one condition is that the animals producing them should be well treated. 2. Flexitarian Flexitarianism is well known as ‘casual vegetarianism’ and its popularity is increasing more and more these days. The word Flexitarian is a combination of the words “flexible” and “vegetarian”. This is a plant-based diet that completely eliminates meat. It is between full vegan and vegetarian so while you are focusing on having fruits, vegetables, etc… you can still enjoy animal products occasionally. Flextitarianism emphasizes which foods that you can consume, not what you must restrict. Limiting added sugar, prioritizing fruits and vegetables and aiming to reduce the consumption of processed foods can be some examples of rules for flexitarians. 3. Pescatarian Pescatarians do not eat meat or poultry. However, they do include fish and other seafood along with dairy products and eggs. Likewise, in addition to seafood, they prioritize plant foods such as nuts, fruits, vegetables and grains. Therefore it would be a great choice if you want to supplement extra protein in your diet. 4. Lacto-vegetarian Lacto-vegetarians exclude all meat, poultry, seafood, and fish in their diet. Unlike some other vegetarian diets, they eat certain dairy products such as cheese, milk, butter, and milk. People often adopt a lacto-vegetarian diet for environmental or ethical reasons 5. Ovo-vegetarian Ovo-vegetarians do not eat dairy products or other animal proteins such as meat, poultry, seafood, and fish. In this sense, they are quite similar to vegans. But the different point is that they still consume egg and egg-containing products, unlike vegans. For this reason, many vegetarians who suffer from lactose-intolerant may choose to eat this kind of way. 6. Vegan A vegan does not consume all animal products. This means that they don’t eat honey, eggs, and dairy products. One thing all vegans have in common is a plant-based diet that eliminates all products of animal origin from their diet- as well as avoiding products tested on animals and animal-derived materials like leather or fur. You might think that there wouldn’t be anything to eat but a vegan diet is richly diverse. Even though vegans can not consume animal-related products, they can eat all kinds of fruits, vegetables, grains, seeds and pulses*. * Pulse: the edible seed from a legume plant. Pulses include beans, lentils, and peas. For example, a pea pod is a legume, but the pea inside the pod is the pulse. 7. Raw Vegan Raw vegans exclude all kinds of foods that originated from animals like vegans. Furthermore, this would be the strictest form of a vegetarian diet. The most crucial specialty of the raw vegan diet is that it adds the concept of raw foodism which means that food should be eaten completely raw or heated at temperatures below 40-48°C. For this reason, it is normally rich in vegetables, fruits, and nuts more nutritious than cooked ones. https://www.goodhealth.co.nz/health-articles/article/vegan-and-vegetarianism-what-its-all-about What Are Some Advantages of Going Veggie Then? There are quite a few advantages. First, global warming can be reduced. In a 2006 report by the United Nations, livestock produced more greenhouse gases than all cars and trucks in the world combined. It can be seen that most come from the carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide gases produced by manure. Therefore, the most important step you can take on a personal level to reduce global warming is to adopt a vegetarian diet. Second, you can stay away from disease and live longer. Vegetarian diets tend to be naturally low in saturated fat and cholesterol and contain more phytonutrients than most meat-based diets. Vegetarians were found to have a 24% lower risk of dying from heart disease than non-vegetarians. In addition, consuming a diet that includes fruits and vegetables on a regular basis has been linked to a reduced risk of some cancers. There is evidence that vegetarians tend to have a lower overall cancer risk compared to the general population. This is because red and processed meat consumption is consistently associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Therefore, eating a vegetarian diet may help reduce the risk of cancer. According to an Oxford study, vegetarians live six years longer than meat eaters. This is because plant-based diets are usually rich in fiber, antioxidants, and minerals, which strengthen the immune system and slow the aging process. Thirdly, we can think about animal rights. Unfortunately, animals on factory farms these days are not legally protected in general. However, domesticated animals can feel just as much pain as the dogs and cats we cherish as companions. A vegetarian lifestyle awakens a spirit of compassion and can lead us to a kinder, more enlightened society where we exercise moral choices to protect our animals from exploitation. Finally, it can help end world famine. According to United Nations statistics, 25,000 people die every day from hunger and related causes, including more than 10,000 children. This means that every 10 to 15 seconds a person dies of hunger. An estimated 854 million people worldwide are undernourished, and it is estimated that 100 million people may fall into poverty and starvation due to high food prices. On average, 40% of global grain production is used to feed livestock, but in wealthy countries, only about 70% of grain is used for animal feed. If the proportion of vegetarians increases, more food will be added to the world supply, feeding an additional 4 billion people. Sources: https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/what-flexitarian-diet https://health.clevelandclinic.org/what-is-the-flexitarian-diet/#:~:text=In%20its%20simplest%20definition%2C%20the,animal%20products%20every%20so%20often. https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/lacto-vegetarian-diet#what-it-is https://thebitingtruth.com/6-types-of-vegetarian-diets-explained/ https://www.vegansociety.com/go-vegan/definition-veganism https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/raw-vegan-diet#the-diet https://www.downtoearth.org/go-veggie/top-10-reasons https://www.un.org/en/chronicle/article/losing-25000-hunger-every-day#:~:text=Each%20day%2C%2025%2C000%20people%2C%20including,million%20into%20poverty%20and%20hunger. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/legumes-pulses/#:~:text=A%20pulse%20is%20the%20edible,the%20pod%20is%20the%20pulse.

• 작성일 2022-08-30
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제 15 호 The Effects of Color Marketing

Kicker : LIFE The Effects of Color Marketing By Yun-Seo Jung, Cub-Reporter yysj1230@naver.com What color comes to mind first when you think of Starbucks? Probably, most people will think of 'green' first. Like this, when you think of a company, the phenomenon that reminds the company's representative color is related to ‘Color Marketing.’ Color marketing refers to a marketing technique that stimulates consumer's desire to purchase in a broad sense. Let's learn more about color marketing through the feelings and meanings of some colors. First, red is strong, passionate, and stimulates appetite. In addition, the attention is high enough to attract attention. It is widely used in food industries such as Coca-Cola and McDonald's in that red is high in attention and stimulates appetite. For example, Coca-Cola uses red to show a strong image of pungent carbonated drinks. Frank Robinson, who liked the combination of white and red in sharp contrast, created a Coca-Cola slogan that read ‘Coca-Cola Delicious and Refreshing’ in red letters on a white background. This slogan was the beginning of making red, a symbol of Coca-Cola. Blue traditionally shows images of success, trust, stability, hope, peace, happiness, and youth. It can be seen that blue is widely used in fields that require a professional image that it has an image of stability and trust. For example, Woori Bank uses blue to show an honest image. Searching for Woori Bank's vision and core values, there are ‘customer happiness,’ ‘future challenge,’ ‘honesty trust,’ and ‘talent first,’ which can be seen to contain messages of happiness, trust, stability, and success. On the other hand, blue is not often used in food brands because it decreases appetite, and there is one representative foodserviceindustry that uses blue as a brand color exceptionally. It is POCARI SWEAT. The foodservice industry does not use blue color for package design because it originally gives an image of decreasing appetite. In this way, blue has negative images such as decreased appetite as gustatory sensations, on the other hand, it has positive images such as refreshing and moisture supplement as visual sensations. Paradoxically, Pocari Sweat strongly emphasized the refreshing aspect, and it had a decisive influence on the blue color being settled as a representative image color for sports drinks these days. Lastly, green has images such as peace, neutrality, and relaxation, and it is the color that gives the most comfort to human eyes. This color is used by companies such as Starbucks and Naver that have images of stability and comfort. In the case of Starbucks, in 1987, CEO Howard Schultz chose the logo in green to show the marketing theme of 'Relax and Peace of a Cup of Coffee in the Forest of a Gray Building.’ Success and Failure Cases in Color Marketing While some enterprises have succeeded in marketing by using the proper color for each company, and have attracted consumers' attention, others have failed in marketing. Representatively, Heinz and Coca-Cola have failed in color marketing. Coca-Cola may be considered a successful color marketing company because it left a strong impression on consumers by setting its brand color to red, but it was pressed with this red color. In 2011, Coca-Cola in the U.S. launched a white can in time for Christmas. The pre-launch plan was a limited sale for three months, but it failed to proceed in about a month. Most of consumers said that the taste seemed to have changed even though the color of cans had only changed, and many responded that it was confused with Diet Coke. The marketing that Coca-Cola put down the red color remained a failure of color marketing due to the cold consumer response. Next is Heinz's green ketchup. Heinz, a leading ketchup company, developed a special product in the past to break the stereotype that existing tomato ketchup is red. It was a green ketchup. Green is a color that symbolizes peace and relaxation, but this marketing had a negative impression on people because it had an effect of reducing appetite and remained a representative case of color marketing failure. According to the Korea Color Research Institute, humans use 70 percent of their vision, 20 percent of their hearing, and 10 percent of their sense of smell and touch when they perceive objects. Color accounts for more than 50% of vision, so color is a really big part of recognizing something. In the end, color affects consumers' product choices and further represents the identity of a company as a brand color. Furthermore, brand color has a lot of influence on success and failure because it can immediately show the company's identity to consumers in terms of visuals. Isn't it interesting that the brand color of companies that we usually pass by had a big impact on the rise and fall of enterprises? Therefore, color marketing is simple and has great power. Sources: https://www.topdaily.kr/articles/90832 https://www.topdaily.kr/articles/88437 https://www.coca-cola.co.kr/stories/since-1886/coca-cola-red-secret-formula

• 작성일 2022-08-29
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제 14 호 The Mandatory Outdoor Mask Has Been Lifted

Kiker: LIFE (Covid-19) The Mandatory Outdoor Mask Has Been Lifted Returning to Our Daily Life By Yun-Seo Jung, Cub-Reporter yysj1230@naver.com On May 2, the duty wearing of outdoor masks was lifted. According to the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, the government was preparing for a new daily life step by step according to changes in the quarantine situation such as raising social distancing, to change the COVID-19 infectious disease grade from 1 to 2. Lately, the COVID-19 epidemic in Korea has been declining for six weeks since the third week of March, when it peaked. And as the number of critically ill patients and deadths is gradually decreasing, the standards seem to be gradually easing. Standard for Taking Off the Outdoors Mask The outdoor mask mandate has been lifted, however, it has hard standard. A person attending a rally with more than 50 people and visitors to performances and sports games with more than 50 people have an obligation to wear an outdoor mask. Also, if you suspect COVID-19, you must wear a mask. There are preference responses about taking off a mask, however, some citizens are anxious about the number of confirmed cases. Then, how are countries that have lifted the mandatory wearing of masks responding to this situation? In both indoor and outdoor countries, only a part of the interior has been lifted, such as the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, and France. In France, obligation to wear outdoor masks has been lifted since June, 2021 expect for specific public places, and the obligation to wear indoor masks was lifted except for public transportation, public health centers, and medical institutions in March, 2022. However, on May 16, fifteen of the European Union member countries allowed passengers to take off their masks in public transportation, because of lifting the mandatory of mask regulation. Germany has lifted obligation to wear outdoor masks since June last year, and in March this year, the indoor masks obligation was lifted except for medical institutions and public transportation. The situation in Singapore is similar to domestic. The duty to wear an outdoor mask has been lifted since March this year, but it is mandatory to wear an indoor mask. This is the current situation of COVID-19 in these countries. According to a press release by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the trend of confirmed patients in France and Singapore has been gradually decreasing since the mandate of wearing masks was lifted. Looking at this trend, there is no need to be anxious about the lifting of the obligation to wear outdoor masks. As outdoor masks were lifted and COVID-19 quarantine standards were eased, various changes appeared in our lives. According to the data portal of Korea Credit Data, the average sales of small business owners increased 7.3% in the first week from the previous week (April 25 to May 1) after the lifting of the duty of wearing outdoor masks. Compared to the same period last year, the figure jumped 19.7%. According to the ticket sales agency, sales of concerts held in the second quarter of this year increased 267% compared to the same period last year. The number of concert products held in the second quarter also increased 43.5% from last year. WHO, Our world in data Like this, the outdoor mask wearing mandate has been lifted and the distancing standards have been eased, various fields, such as the performance industry and the restaurant industry, are becoming more active as before. While it is good to enjoy the present, it is essential to continue personal prevention of epidemics in order to regain our more free daily life. Sources : http://www.mohw.go.kr/react/al/sal0301vw.jsp?PAR_MENU_ID=04&MENU_ID=0403&page=3&CONT_SEQ=371325 https://www.service-public.fr/particuliers/vosdroits/F35351 https://www.deutschland.de/de/news/coronavirus-in-deutschland-informationen https://www.moh.gov.sg/covid-19/general/faqs---masks-and-personal-protective-equipment-(ppe)#:~:text=Children%20of%206%20years%20of,shields%20in%20place%20of%20masks.

• 작성일 2022-05-27
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제 14 호 How Much Can You Trust the MBTI Test?

KICKER: LIFE (PSYCHOLOGY) How Much Can You Trust the MBTI Test? by Yeong-Jin Choi, Editor pch39067@gmail.com Have you ever experienced the MBTI test before? Long before COVID-19, our school, Sangmyung University, has offered MBTI tests to students free in the “Cultural Education and Personality” class. MBTI tests are very well known these days, and since it is easy for people to approach and experience it as they can obtain the result by just googling the keyword “MBTI test”, numerous people introduce themselves to whom they first meet by telling what MBTI they are classified as. However, we must think about the fact of whether the MBTI test is trustworthy. Is it psychologically reasonable, or is it just another blood type or zodiac* classification for fun? In this article, I would like to find out if the MBTI test is believable or not with scientific reasons and experts’ quotes. *Zodiac: An area of the sky through which the Sun, Moon, and most of the planets appear to move, divided into twelve equal parts, each with a name and symbol, and each connected with an exact time of year What is the MBTI Test? Some companies, believe it or not, state that the result of the MBTI test is one of applicants’ qualifications of getting the job. To people who precisely know the MBTI test may think that this is just absurd. However, to those whom who don’t know what the MBTI test is, I would like to share the definition of the test, what the abbreviation respectively stands for, and find what it means. MBTI test, shortened for “Myers-Briggs Type Indicator”, is a self-help assessment test which helps people gain insights about how they work and learn. The founder of the MBTI test, Katherine Briggs developed the test based on the theory of Carl Jung who proposed that there are four essential psychological functions by which people see the world: sensation, intuition, feeling, and thinking. The MBTI Test, https://me2.kr/k8m3x What Do the Alphabets of the MBTI Test Stand for? E, extroversion*, and I, introversion*, are the defining line of the direction where you focus your attention. If you are an extrovert person, you can consider yourself that you prefer to direct your energy outwards like to people, things, and situations. On the contrary, if you are an introvert person, you may tend to direct your energy inwards like to ideas, information, and beliefs. The main characteristic of extroverts is action-oriented, whereas introverts are more likely to be known as thought-oriented. The second alphabets of the MBTI test results are S and N. This compares if a person is a sensing type or an intuition type, which indicates the way you take in information. Each of the alphabets, S and N, stands for sensing and intuitive respectively. People who prefer to deal with facts, details, and concrete information are sensing type. On the other hand, if a person likes to deal with ideas, abstract concepts, and vague theories, they are intuitive type. The third function is a comparison between thinking and feeling. It tells you what kind of a person you are by how you make decisions. Obviously, in this round, T stands for thinking type, and F represents feeling type. If you like to make decisions from a detached standpoint* with using reason and logic to make a conclusion, you are a thinking type. If you prefer to make decisions from an insider and with an emotional standpoint, you are a feeling type. Lastly, the final function is to compare between judging and perceiving. In this stage, you are judged by how you deal with the world. People who prefer a planned, well-structured, and organized life are judging type. This aspect results in sequential* and step-by-step mental processing, whereas the perceiving type who prefer to go with the flow, responds in a spontaneous* and flexible way. *Extroversion: The quality of being energetic and not shy, and enjoying being with other people *Introversion: The quality of being shy and quiet, and preferring to spend time alone rather than often being with other people *Standpoint: A set of beliefs and ideas from which opinions and decisions are formed *Sequential: Following a particular order *Spontaneous: Happening or done in a natural, often sudden way, without any planning or without being forced MBTI Considered as Unscientific and Unreliable by Experts The problem with the test, however, is that a lot of people have already questioned if the test is reliable. Many researchers answer that even though the MBTI test is one of the most popular tests in the world that roughly 1.5 million people take the test online each year, that does not necessarily mean that it works, and does not obtain scientific merit. Adam Grant, a professor of industrial psychology at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School tells, “For the MBTI, the evidence says not very no, no, and really.” There is another irony in the test. Carl Jung himself, who established the original psychological theory, admitted that the binaries* were useful ways of thinking about people, but writing that “there is no such thing as a pure extravert or a pure introvert. Such a man would be in lunatic asylum.” The test, however, is built entirely around the basis that people are all one or the other. This tells that the test is not scientific, but full of bias. The fact from many research and surveys points out that the test is notoriously* inconsistent. As the test defines a person black and white and concluding that participants of the test are forever stuck with the result of the test, it contains many errors. Research has found that as many as 50 percent of people arrive at a different result the second time they take a test. It is because the traits it aims to measure are not the ones that are consistently different among people. Most of the people vary in these traits over time, and even the mood is one of the factors that alters the result. If a participant is in a bad mood and wants to be left alone, the test might indicate that he/she is an introvert. However, if the same person takes a test a few weeks later with a happy feeling, the test may indicate him/her as an extrovert person. *Binary: Relating to or consisting of two things, in which everything is either one thing or the other *Notorious: Famous for something bad What I would like to emphasize is that even though the MBTI test can be considered as one of the tools to judge and classify people in the psychological field, we must strongly understand that it does not have enough scientific ground to be considered reliable. Telling the test result to people who you have never met before as a clue to tell who I am can be considered as a small talk. However, we should be very alert not to misjudge a person by trusting the MBTI test result only. Sources: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/definition/myers-briggs-type-indicator https://thinkinsights.net/strategy/mbti-personality/ https://eu.themyersbriggs.com/en/tools/MBTI/MBTI-personality-Types https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2019/05/06/myers-briggs-type-indicator-does-not-matter/3635592002/

• 작성일 2022-05-27
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제 14 호 What’s Against the Main Fashion Trend?

Kicker: LIFE (FASHION) What’s Against the Main Fashion Trend? Fashion Denying the Traditional Custom By Sol-Hyang Park, Editor-in-chief cookie7152@naver.com Power is usually meant to flow from top to bottom. Fashion is the same. The fashion of the upper class, such as the aristocracy, has become a trend and spreads downward from the past. However, is there any case where the fashion of the lower classes spread to the public? What Is “Anti-Fashion?” Anti-fashion’s origin goes back about 70 years. In the 1950-60s, mass production systems developed with the development of technology, and popular culture also developed rapidly as mass media such as TV and, movies emerged. The economy grew, the middle class expanded, and its consumption and cultural activities became active. Due to these social changes, it became easier to get, experience, and try fashion. Moreover, fashion became more personalized and diverse as more and more people consumed fashion. Like this, with the development of popular culture, fashion has begun to express various values of society. At that time, mainstream fashion was usually focused on high fashion brands. For example, in the 1950s, Dior led the popularization of fashion with its Haute Couture’s success. However, several social problems emerged caused by industrialization. Some people started to reject the uniform society brought about by mass production and resist the mainstream society. This movement began to express rebellious messages about society and various personal identities through fashion - this is “Anti-fashion.” Such anti-fashion often showed the needs and identity of subcultural groups, and most of them contained political and social messages. The representative examples that were born like in this way are now well known to us, such as hippie, moz, and punk styles. Representatives of Anti-Fashion Anti-fashion is the story of the sub-group, and the way non-mainstream is against the mainstream. Let's look at its resistance by looking at the three representative examples of anti-fashion. 1. HIPPIE Hippie arose among young Americans in the 1960s. The young born around the Second World War and went through various wars, rejected cruel wars and sought love and peace. They criticized a human alienation in capitalist society and valued folk values. Furthermore, they rejected the city rife with capitalism and human alienation. Instead, they pursued nature, spiritual liberation and freedom. Reflecting their values, the hippie style overall feels like a free spirit, similar to an ethnic(=reflecting national traditions)style.It emphasizes the printing or embroidery of natural patterns such as flowers that represent ethnicity, with a loose silhouette easy to move. Hippie style has now become a particular fashion style – we can often see the style in popular culture in concepts that emphasize freedom or nature. 2. PUNK Punk came from the younger generation who opposed the despairing society in Britain in the 1970s. At that time, Britain had a serious economic difficulty after the war. The British government imposed restrictions on workers' wages to curb inflation : accordingly, workers and the young were furious. This situation and the popular punk rock music culture at the time were met, and punk fashion appeared. Sex Pistols, a British punk rock group that represents the punk style of the 1970s / photo by Eric EchenbergThe young expressed their confusion, frustration, and anger through punk. They also rejected the norms of society and the uniformity of mass production systems and emphasized an independent attitude and individuality. In this context, punk has a rebellious, aggressive, and free-spirited style. In particular, they emphasized the DIY (do it yourself) spirit, revealing their own attitude and personality, so they tore T-shirts or wrote down a message. They also put Safety pins, studs, spikes, chains, zippers, locks, and straps. The hairstyle was pouty, and the makeup was a thick smokey. Punk style also has now become a particular fashion style – we can often see the style in popular culture in concepts that emphasize being naughty or rebellious. 3. GRUNGE Fashion emerged in the U.S. in the 1990s. In the early 1990s, the U.S. was filled with anxiety and depression with the Gulf War outside and the economic downturn inside. The young of this era expressed their dissatisfaction, fear, and cynicism about this unstable reality through grunge looks.They criticized the capitalist system and elitism and emphasized economic inequality. The most noticeable feature of grunge is that it openly shows 'poverty.’ Grunge shows a lot of holes, loosened strands, and torn details everywhere without hiding. We can also see a mess of mix-and-match of various fabric and excessive layering. It also emphasized the old, worn-out details against the fast-changing trend of mainstream fashion. Anti-Fashion Sweeping the Mainstream We looked at 3 representative anti-fashion styles, all of which do not try to look beautiful from a social perspective, but instead focused on social problems and their independent values. The original identity that anti-fashion showed has attracted the public's attention. Mainstream fashion has been inspired by anti-fashion and they have borrowed its characteristics and brought up to new ideas. In the process, mainstream fashion brands have eased the aggressiveness of it and added popularity, expanding it to mainstream fashion. Now, numerous fashions are introducing anti fashion - anti-fashion has swept the mainstream fashion. The spread of anti-fashion has led people to question what fashion is and what the definition of beauty is. Thus, attempts have emerged to overcome the limitations of mainstream fashion. For example, deconstructivism, which destroys the standardized composition of fashion, has also drawn attention. Anti-fashion still plays a big part in fashion in the 21st century. Still, many fashion brands borrow a lot of anti fashion styles. They also deliver social messages about environmental protection and LGBT rights. Anti-fashion has led to new fashion by expressing their own identity beyond the existing fashion norms.In this way, fashion is a communication tool that not only covers our body and shows off something, but also can convey social messages and show the values of a particular group. I hope more diverse classes will resist society, the mainstream and express their values through fashion. Therefore, the fashion world will become more diverse, new, and beautiful. Sources https://visla.kr/feature/128754/ https://www.marieclairekorea.com/fashion/2016/11/%ED%8E%91%ED%81%AC-%EB%A3%A9%EC%9D%98-%EA%B7%80%ED%99%98/ https://www.cosmopolitan.co.kr/article/53737 https://news.mt.co.kr/mtview.php?no=2015051315550169050

• 작성일 2022-05-22
• 좋아요 Like 2

제 13 호 Recent Updates on Quarantine Rules : How-to Stay Safe

Kicker : LIFE Recent Updates on Quarantine Rules : How-to Stay Safe Omicron Variant Has Caused Some Changes Do-Hyuk Kim, Reporter ndapple0921@gmail.com When the world first encountered COVID-19, everyone was surprised by this unfamiliar virus. Everyone was exceptionally precautious even about getting out of their homes, and two-digit number of daily COVID-19 diagnosis was considered critical. Things have changed since, due to the development of vaccineS and appearance of new COVID-19 virus’ variants. Currently ongoing variant – the omicron – is much easier to be spread while its severity dropped dramatically. This is a good sign for humanity finally facing the end of this COVID-19 pandemic, since the decline of being fatal and being easily spread means this virus will be considered uninfluential just like a cold. But it’s not completely over until it’s over, so the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) recently released new quarantine rules for this omicron-infested world. It’s probably a good time to check it out, so take a careful look at this article to stay away from the omicron variant. A short history lesson time of corona virus preventions- : The first phase of quarantine rules completely blocked citizen’s social activities, because tracking corona-holder took a lot of effort and catching COVID-19 led to death in the elderly population. Then vaccines from several companies turned up after a long, awaited wait – required change in quarantine rules. The government and KCDC encouraged people to be vaccinated, and released some of the restrictions only for those who got fully vaccinated finishing the second shot. This second phase of quarantine rules was sort of credit for the vaccinated population, and was a desperate measure for economic downfall due to forever-lasting COVID-19 virus. Quarantine rules for the omicron variant focuses on the third vaccine shot, since again, omicron variant has high infectivity while the fatality rate is making a big step backwards. Current quarantine rules can be classified as the third phase for preventive measures for spread of COVID-19. Daily cases for coronavirus infections skyrocketed to six figures for the first time, so the first or second quarantine rules are no longer effective for now. The first item on the list of new quarantine rules is a getting booster shot as quickly as possible. Side effects reported from vaccines are currently dragging some people away from getting vaccinate, but statistics tell that getting a booster shot keeps most of us safe while having minute a possibility of something going wrong. Reported cases of side effects from vaccines definitely exists, and I also feel sorry for those who suffer from severe problems. However, the American Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently additionally confirmed the Pfizer vaccine for over twelve year olds and a small amount of it for five to eleven year olds. Even though problems from vaccines are still taking place, getting vaccinated drops the percentage of you being infected and suffering from the aftereffect of coronavirus. A third shot boosts this tendency even further. Second is to wear KF-certified masks properly in enclosed places. KCDC represents these places as ‘Enclosed, Overpopulated, Intimate’ properties. Both infected people and uninfluenced ones wearing masks can keep most of us safe from newly getting COVID-19. Even though current daily infected cases are around two hundred thousand infectees, masks help us stay away from this virus. KF-certified masks have proper capability of blocking viruses, so everyone had better wear them despite having some inconveniences to stay safe. Third is to reduce meeting others, but it’s nothing new or special during this long quarantine days. Personal gatherings are only allowed a maximum of six people. The elderly are especially fragile to coronavirus because their immune system is in decline and easily compromised. If suspicious symptoms suddenly appear one day, they should immediately get PCR testing for confirming their safety. Ordinary population can take self-test first and when positive reaction turns out, then they can get PCR testing at a selected list of medical clinics. Excluding risky, aged people, most people can treat omicron by themselves, too. Colorado University from America suggested omicron infectees to drink a sufficient amount of water. Headaches and muscular pain can be relieved by taking Tylenol or Advil. Finally, sore throat can be resolved partially by cleaning up the throat with Povidone say French and Japanese researchers. COVID-19 virus is weaker than ever in its omicron variant form. Still, even if its symptoms are less critical to many of us, coronavirus can still cause problems to anyone who gets infected. These are quarantine rules and tips to stay safe from coronavirus so we can meet together at a point when no one is wearing a mask anymore and worries about getting infected is a relic of the past. Experts are predicting that the omicron variant would be the pinnacle of daily infection numbers, so let’s keep an eye on how we finally get out of the tunnel while the days of COVID-19 gradually pass away. Sources : https://www.korea.kr/news/healthView.do?newsId=148898773 https://news.sbs.co.kr/news/endPage.do?news_id=N1006637493 https://m.dongascience.com/news.php?idx=50944 (Picture)

• 작성일 2022-03-02
• 좋아요 Like 2

제 13 호 How to Deal with a “Syndrome?”

Kicker: LIFE (SYNDROMES) How to Deal with a “Syndrome?” Syndrome Flood Era & Syndromes to Pay Attention to By Sol-Hyang Park, Editor-in-chief cookie7152@naver.com "I think I'm burnout..." At some point, the word 'burnout' appeared and began to be used as a daily word. Burnout syndrome is a phenomenon in which a person motivated to work complains of extreme physical and mental fatigue and becomes lethargic. It's not taken as seriously as a disease, but it's definitely a common phenomenon for many people. This kind of syndrome is increasing exponentially day by day. Bluebird syndrome, Adonis syndrome, Baron Asura syndrome… etc. - The names are also very diverse. What Is “Syndrome?” Syndrome is a group of signs and symptoms that occur together and characterize a particular abnormality or condition according to Webster's Dictionary. It is easy to understand considering the difference from disease. To put it simply, syndrome refers to a set of symptoms that are hard to define the definite cause, while a disease refers to a symptom that has a clear cause. For example, suppose you have a severe fever, runny nose and cough. In this case, it becomes a syndrome if the cause is unclear, but it becomes a disease called a “cold,” if it turns out to be a cold virus. Syndrome Flood Era In the early 1900s, about 30 syndromes were registered in the medical dictionary - but now it is estimated that there are thousands of types. Including syndrome in non-medical fields, it is expected to be approximately tens of thousands of types. Why do the syndromes keep increasing and getting talked about by many? Many mental health specialists come up with the following opinions. Firstly, it is a means of expressing modern mental pain such as stress and anxiety. At work, at home on holidays, at school…, there are various situations in which modern people suffer mental pain. It is difficult to explain all of the stress and psychological conditions as psychiatric diseases such as depression. However, it is clear that certain symptoms are experienced at a certain time - so these situations are described as "Burnout syndrome," - "Holiday syndrome," "Go-sam (high school senior) syndrome," "Christmas syndrome." They say that people may want to express their difficulties by making plausible words. Second, it is also used as a means of obtaining self-comfort. The words like "depression" or "Schizophrenia" have a great sense of prejudice and rejection. That's why people tend to express weak symptoms as a syndrome. People may try to match their mind's symptoms to various syndromes like light psychological tests and get comfort by thinking, "Oh, I just have a syndrome rather than mental illness." Syndromes to Pay Attention to So which of the numerous syndromes is a reliable syndrome? Of course, as mentioned earlier, it is difficult to say that the causes are obvious because a syndrome is not a clear disease. However, some syndromes may be early symptoms leading to other mental disorders, so it is necessary to look carefully. Regardless of the scope of the syndrome, I will introduce a representative syndrome with some medical basis. - Syndromes that can be seen as disease symptoms despite unclear origins Pinocchio Syndrome : When ridiculed in a crowded place, the whole body hardens like a wooden doll. They are overly worried that they will be seen as a boring or unfriendly person. It can be a kind of social phobia. It can be seen if they have been bullied, or have not learned well in the process of forming bonds with parents in their childhood. Wristcut Syndrome : Whenever they feel worthless, doubt whether they are alive, or feel extremely angry, they draw their wrists repeatedly. They feel pain and aliveness, looking into the wound. It can be one of the symptoms of borderline personality disorder. Mostly found in 10-30s, it can be seen If they have not been properly cared for by parents as a child, have been psychologically hurt while growing up, or they may feel anxious about their existence. - Syndromes medically named Capgras Syndrome : They believe that friends, family, etc. have been changed to different people who only look the same. It is common in men in their 20s. It can usually appear when you have schizophrenia, dementia or if the temporal cortex for facial recognition is damaged due to accidents. Ex). <Doctor>: Who did you come to the hospital with today? <Patient>: A swindler who looks just like my wife. <Doctor>: Then where is your real wife? <Patient>: She will be locked up in the house of a swindler pretending to be my wife. (Of course, the wife who came with the patient is undoubtedly the real wife.) Cotard’s syndrome : They don't think they exist, believing they are dead or there is no part of their body, such as blood or organs. Therefore, there is a deep sense of despair and disgust for oneself. It can be a symptom of hypochondria, depression or schizophrenia in the elderly aged 65 or older. In addition, there are many other syndromes that can lead to diseases, so if you have any abnormal symptoms, it is recommended to look for them. How to Care? If you think you have a syndrome, is it okay to skip it lightly or consider professional treatment? First of all, it is difficult to determine as a mental illness just because you have a syndrome because it varies by the people. For example, in the case of wristcut syndrome, it can be a response due to temporary stress for someone, while for someone else it can be a reaction caused by delusional disorder, thinking "there are bad bugs in my blood, so I have to bleed out the bugs." However, if you think you have a severe syndrome, it is better to get a diagnosis. This is because it is possible to prevent the syndrome from developing into diseases only when prior measures are taken. If it is not severe, you should make efforts to prevent worsening symptoms. It is recommended to try meditation, psychological education, and yoga etc. that manage stress and calm oneself. Exercising or finding a hobby that you can be immersed in would also be a good idea. Whatever it is, it is important to make your own way to relieve stress. Above all, you should keep a healthy mind to prevent developing a syndrome, which is a mind problem. I hope you will always maintain your mental health by doing meditation, exercise, hobbies or your own stress relief methods that shake off negative thoughts. Sources : https://health.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2015/02/10/2015021001948.html https://health.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2015/02/10/2015021001583.html https://www.healthline.com/health/capgras-syndrome https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1993-14510-001 https://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/cotards-syndrome

• 작성일 2022-03-01
• 좋아요 Like 1

제 12 호 Subscription Service: How Far Can It Go?

Kicker: LIFE (ECONOMY) Subscription Service: How Far Can It Go? By Eugene Ha, Editor eugine16@naver.com Have you ever heard of the word a "subscription economy" or "subscription service"? It won't be very unfamiliar. Because it is a kind of economic culture that has been in our lives for a long time. Examples include yogurts, newspaper delivery, and milk delivered every morning. Subscription service means providing a product or service regularly if you pay a certain amount. This is called the subscription economy. It has become a trend in the distribution industry these days. In recent years, its type and range are expanding. What exactly is a subscription economy? Let me introduce you to what various services there are around us. There are many useful services that can help you in your life! Subscription service Subscription economy refers to a new concept distribution service that provides products or services that users want periodically by providers for a certain amount of money. It began to be introduced around the 2010s in Korea, and cosmetics were dominant in the beginning, but service items are gradually diversifying to household goods, food and beverage, and luxury clothing. Recently, there has been a service that allows users to select and change the desired vehicle among a few designated vehicles by paying a certain amount every month. The word subscription service may be unfamiliar to us, but in fact, it is easy to find in our lives. Receiving milk delivery, newspapers, magazines, and yogurt every morning are also subscription services. However, the scope of subscription services is increasing these days. In particular, as non-face-to-face and untact are preferred, more and more consumers are trying to use subscription services, and the distribution industry is also introducing various subscription services. Consequently, I will let you know what kind of subscription services are helpful around us. 1. Video viewing subscription service: ‘NETFLIX’ Do you use it a lot? It is an online streaming service (OTT) that has grown rapidly with huge popularity. It was established in 1997 as an American multimedia entertainment OTT company and started its service in 1998. It was officially introduced and started in 2016 in Korea, and is currently ranked first in the online video market share in a short period of time. The subscription fee is a monthly subscription fee of 9500 won for Basic, 12,000 won for Standard, and 14,500 won for Premium. The number of people who can access at the same time is set, so if multiple people divide the fare and use it together, they can watch various movies or dramas with better quality. You can experience the first month of membership for free, so it would be good for those who have not yet used it to go in. Of course, if you don't want to subscribe anymore, please note that you can watch it for free for a month even if you cancel it immediately! 2. Fruit subscription service Recently, subscription services at department stores' food centers are increasing. Recently, Shinsegae Department Store introduced a regular fruit subscription service. The regular fruit subscription service is a service that delivers seasonal fruits selected by Shinsegae buyers every week. The monthly subscription fee is 220,000 won, but you can actually receive seasonal fruits worth 260,000 won at the door. If you usually enjoy eating fruits, it would be useful to receive weekly delivery at a cheaper price. In addition, the specialty food platform ‘Permeal’ also operates a "Sweet Box" that consists of a variety of fruits in small amounts and can be delivered regularly. You can taste at least five to up to seven kinds of fruits at a cheaper price of 59,800 won per month. 3. Laundry subscription service: ‘LAUNDRYGO’ service If you apply for a ‘Laundrygo’ service, you can relieve some troublesome housework. The laundry collection box "Launderette" can be rented and connected to a safety ring to prevent theft and loss of laundry, and if you put the laundry in the launderette before 11 p.m. and request collection by app, the washed laundry will be delivered the next day. The payment system varies depending on the type and number of pieces of laundry you want cleaned. There is a monthly fee ranging from at least 28,700 won to 115,000 won, 4. Nutritional supplement subscription service that takes care of your health There is a subscription service that regularly delivers customized nutritional supplements. It is a service provided by ‘Pilly’, an online health supplements mall. After conducting an online health survey, it recommends nutritional supplements and delivers them regularly every month by reflecting consumer answers. When you feel that you need nutritional supplements, but you don't know what nutrients you need, it seems very useful. The amount varies depending on the nutritional supplements you need, so it would be good to check through a survey! 5. Super car subscription service: ‘TRIVE’ The used car subscription service ‘Trive’ allows you to subscribe to all dream cars by changing them at least every six months. In fact, regular auto subscriptions are services that have already appeared in the UK and the United States a few years ago. However, there was a limitation that only certain brands could use it. However, on ‘Trive’, which debuted in Korea, you can ride a variety of cars from super cars to medium-sized cars as long as you can. The monthly fee varies depending on the type of vehicle. Benz E-Class costs 700,000 won per month, BMW 850,000 won per month, Tesla Model S 1.65 million won per month, as well as a wide range of vehicle products such as Hyundai, Kia, Porsche, and Jaguar. In addition, various and groundbreaking subscription services are increasing such as snack subscription services, sock subscription services, and traditional liquor subscription services. Accordingly, consumers can experience various services and products through subscription services. If you want to have both a new experience and a convenient life, why don't you find out about the subscription service that suits you? Sources: https://www.vop.co.kr/A00001499151.html https://terms.naver.com/entry.naver?docId=2073577&cid=43667&categoryId=43667

• 작성일 2021-11-22
• 좋아요 Like 0